Mutations accumulate in mtDNA perhaps because the DNA is not packaged by histones and because mtDNA is positioned within the mitochondrion alongside the electron transport system and its byproducts, namely oxygen free radicals
Selenium deficiency also results in congestive cardiomyopathy, heart failure, cardiomegaly, increased risk of cancer, infection, inflammatory disease, diabetes, retarded wound healing, and infertility, while excess selenium results in brittle hair and brittle, thickened, stratified nails or loss of both hair and nails (Hariharan and Dharmaraj 2020
Timing Baseline Marker TSH and free T4 Why it matters Helps separate thyroid-related symptoms from GH-axis effects
Compartment specific mitochondrial dysfunction in Drosophila knock-in model of ALS reversed by altered gene expression of OXPHOS subunits and pro-fission factor Drp1
The effects were clearly dose-dependent, with higher doses producing better therapeutic outcomes
Standard complete blood counts and basic metabolic panels are generally insufficient to diagnose Candida overgrowth, as they detect only invasive systemic candidiasis a distinct, life-threatening condition
